Telegraph-receiver.



o. E. SGRIBNER, TELBGRAPH REGE1VER. APPLIOATION FILED NOV. 28, 1911.

Patented Aug. 18, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1`.

Vi/inesses:

C. E. SGRIBNER.

TELEGRAPH RECEIVER.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 28, 1911. Lw'ysgo Panpea Aug. 18, 1914.

2 SHBETS-SHEET 2.

Luiz 224 Il ."f'

450 compenyin or ramone, v

,-v p enr, nssrenon To 'meer nnncrnrc or New ions, 1r. n, conronirrron or om..

Bpeclceticn of hitters ntent Patented, rrgg 1%, 1115014@- ippnoinm ner revienne ce, ion. 'seein in. essere,

1e perticulorly ndnptcd for use in printing telegreph receivers, end hns ior one oi its objects to provide en improved system whereby high speed, nccurote operotion ond o siniplihcntion et the controlling; npperotns 13 ohtoinod.,

Another oloject is to"y provide on improved selecting epperotns comprising., ninong other things, o novel orriniggn nient oi electrchingn i structures, Where' her ci? elements he) chosen et vvill.

inrther ohiect is to provide n controlsystein in. which the orrnngeinent o cir cuits epperntns is such that n combinetion ci impulses troni n sending stetion sets or estnhlishes such electricel chnnges in seid circuits end ynppnrntus 'thot otter the cessotion ci the co'rnhinntion of impulses the circuits end eppo'rotns will complete their proper sequence ot operations, end vvhile so doinga enother coinhinntion oi" impulses may he nrrivinrb1 from the sendingstntion to initia another siiniler sequence ci opeintionsg r1his eotnre oi" the invention is, lfor conn venience, celled the overtopping cycle2 system oi operetion, sind is one thot renders the system cepehle oni rapid operetion end in whici it is precticoily impossible for the various coinhinetions or impulses to follow each other so test es to diserronge the sys- 4@ tern. u

The shove ond other ohjects ci the inven' tion will he -t'ully set forth in the following description end claims, ond will 'heV more readily understood by reference to the ccdrewings.

1n the rnvvings Fires 1 end2 com# hined constitute a. diegrnm illustrating n complete receiving system embodying the invention,l:5`ig. 2 showing, in detail perspec- 5@ tive, so much of the mechanical tentures es `nre necessary to illustrate the results which moy he accomplished l y 1n Fig. 1 is shown two .groups of relays, one group, comprising relays 101,102, 103

end 10i, being connected to mein e con ony one olf n nunsu sind 115 provided, end nre norniolly in doctor L1, ond the other group, coprisino relays 105., 106, 107 ond 108, being` connecte to mein line conductor L, both groups heingi7 connected to ground through conductor 100. @i the group connected to line conductor L1 reicys'101, 102 end v103 ore polerired end respond,-releys 101 ond 102 to negetive cnrrent over L1 filone or over L1 end L simonltnneously, end reloy 103 to positive current over 131. ltteley 104i is neutrel end responds lto positive or negntive current. @i the group connected to line conductor L, releys 105, ond 10'? ore. polorized sind respond,releys 105 ond 107 to positive cnrrent over L2 rione or over L1 ond L2 sinniln toneously, end relny 100 to negetive current over 112., lielny 108 is neutrel end responds to positive or negotive current.

Switching ievers 110, 111, 112, 113, 114:

contect with nconductors 120, 12'?, 123, '120,

130 ond 131 respectively, These levers ere opernted sininlteneonsly hy the svvitching1 reley 110 end nieve trom their normol position to their elternete position in contoct with the conductors 100, 101., 102, 103, sind ond therefore torni on eiectro-inngnetically opereted trensier switch. Switch lem ver is connected to the erinotnre ci reloy 107 hy conductor 120; switch lever 111 to the front contcct ot reley 105 hy conductor 123; which lever 112`to the orinctnre et relny 103 hy conductor 11'?v switch lever 113 to the inclusive close for themselves o. lockings ciru cuit `from their energizing source, through their Windingshottom sii-motore, conductor 141451' switching reiey 110, conductor itt, nrmnture oi enXilinry-restoring. relny it?, resistance it@ to round. Rolo-y 137, whichl hos heen describe es e cup reley, isnsecl :tor o speciei purpose ond does not reqnire o i circuit. Reioys 132, 133, 13s end 135 close, at, their top armature, an energizing circuit for the circuit-holding relays 151,

152, 153 and 154, respectively.

Type or character selectin magnets 11to v 16 inclusive, 21 to 26 inclusive, 31 to 36 inclusive, and 51 to 56 inclusive are grouped about a shaft 216, which carries a type wheel 221 as shown at the right of Fig. 2. Each ma net has two fixed energizing windings an an armature lever' 213. The magnetic structure of these type selecting magnets is marginal, that is, more than one Winding must be energized inoi'der to cause the attraction of lever 213. r1`he windings are therefore cumulative in their magnetic efect. As shown diagrammatically in F ig. 2, the are arranged in two series of groups, wit the -upper windings ofone group as 24, 26, 22, 21, 25 and 23 in series in the conductor 205, this conductor 205 leading to thc conductor 156 connected with the energizing winding of the circuit-holding relay 154. The lower coils of these type magnets are also arranged in a series of groups, the windings of any group, as 21, 11, 51 and 31, being arranged inseries and connected to a conductor 162 leading to the alternate contact of the switch lever 112. A shift relay 43, a back shift relay 4'4, a reset and paper-shift 3o relay 41, and a reset relay 42 are also provided. AThe relays 41, 42 'and 43 are each provided with three windings, two of which are energizing windings, the third being a locking winding. Relays 41, 42 and 43 are so proportioned that the energizing circuit must pass through two of the windings in series in order to energize the magnets which, when they attract their armatures, close a locking circuit for themselves through the locking winding. The back shift relay 44 is provided simply with two energizing windin s.

llie first impulse of a combination of impulses arriving over the line wires L1 and L2 selectively energizes one of the group relays 132 to 135 inclusive, closing'thereby a section of the type magnet selecting circuit and also at the cessation of the impulse energizing the switching relay 116, moving the switching levers 110 to 115 inclusive into position preparatory to receiving the second impulse of the combination and therebyclos ing a secondA section in the type magnet selecting circuit. rlhe second impulse arriving over the line wires L1 and L2 completes the circuit through the 'selected type magnet thereb moving its armature into position and initiating the printing operation.

v The printing operation, and the` operations of spacing and resetting the paper carriage, shiftin the ty e wheel, paragraphing and paper lifting will be described in connection with the detailed description of these circuits.

l Let it be assumed that the operator at the i monaca Itransmitting or distant station desires to print on the yrecording sheet of the mechani-L cal printer, shown in Fig. 2, certain desired characters. Let it be specificall assumed that. she desires to' print the wordy to fol- 70 lowed by a s ace andpthen another word. To accomplis this, she first depresses the key marked T then the key marked 0 then the space key, and so on. Let it be assumed that the combination of impulses necessar to print the letter T is composed o ltwo-impulses, the rst a negative impulse over line L1, the secon a positive impulse over line L2, these two impulses being separated by a brief interval of no curge rent ;`that the combination of impulses necessary to cause the printing of the letter is composed of two impulses, the first, a positive impulse over L1 and L2 simultaneously, the second, another negative impulse over 35 L1, the two impulses being separated by a brief interval of no current, las before; the word space, by a singlenegative impulse over L1 and L2 simultaneously. When the negative impulse arrives over line L1 it passes 00 through all the relays, 101, 102, 103 and 104 to conductor 109 to ground. The polarized relays 101 and 102 and the neutral relay 104 are energized, attracting their armatures. -k The attraction of the armatures of relays 101 D5 .and 104 is without eiect. Armature of relay 102,however,. closes acircuit which may be traced from ground, armature of'relay 108, conductor 118,l armature of relay 102, conductor 119, switch lever 113, conductor 129, group relay 135, battery 141,.to ground. Closure of this circuit energizes relay 135, which attracts both its armatures, and closes a locking circuit for itself throughbattery 141, its energizing winding, bottom arma- 105 ture, conductor 144, switching relay 116, conductor 146, armature auxiliary restoring re-4 lay 147, resistance 148, to ground. rlhe switching relay 116, however, will not be energized until the denergization of the 1 io negatively polarized relay 102, since so lon as such relay is yener ized a shunt to ground existsY around the Winding of the switching relay.

Upon the cessation of current over the 113 line conductor L1, due to the ending of the first impulse, .the negatively polarized relays 101 and 102 and the neutral relay 104 are denergized, relay 102 opening the shunt around ythe switching relay 116. rll`his 12o switching relay will therefore be energized in series withthe group relay 135, maintaining such relay energized, and the switching relay will cause the movement of all the switching levers 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115 125 from their vnormal positions (in contact with the conductors 126, 127, 128, 129, and 131, respectively) to their alternate positions in contact with the conductors 160, 161,162,163,164 and 165, respectively. The 130 internes.

interval jof no current having terminated, the second controlling impulse 1s initiated and is positive battery impressed upon the lineconductor L2; This impulse will ener-- gize the positively polarized relays 105 and 107 and the neutral relay 108 .passing through the conductor 109 to ground. ltolays 105, 107 and 108 attract their ermetures, but the attraction ot the'arrnature of relay 105and the armature o1 neutral relay 108 is Without eect. Armature ot relay 107, however, established a circuit which may be traced as follorvsz-From battery 201, armature and back contact et the selector relay 202, the printing relay 203, conductor 20d, the conductor 205, including the top windings ot the type magnets 24;, 20, 22, 21, 25 and 23 in series in the order named, conductor 150, through the Winding ot the circuit-'holding relay 1511, upper armature ot the group relay 135, conductor 150, Winding el the restoring relay 171, the conductor y 200, middle winding of the shift relay d3,

lower winding ot the type magnets 23, 13, 53 and 33 in series, in the order named, conductor 100., armature 110, conductor 120, armature and front contact of the positively polarized relay 107conductor 121, armature and buch contact oit neutral relay 1041-, to groundu The type megnets 2t, 20, 22, 21q 25, 13, 53"and 33, through one winding et euch et which the circuit just traced passed, will not be energized since the battery 201 supplying current to the circuit traced und the individual windings o1 the Various type magnets are so proportioned that current in the series circuit traced `When passing through a single Winding alone or any one ot the type magnets shown will' be insulticient to energize such type magnet and it will e only when current through such series circuit passes through both of thc windings of any one oil the type magnets (magnet 23 in the 'circuit just traced) that such type magnet will be energized. l-lowever, when such type magnet has once attracted its armature due to energization by current through both oits windings, current through its .upper winding alone will be suilicient .to maintain such type magnet energized to keep its armature in attracted position. 'lhis is for a purpose which will be presently described. Closure o13 the series circuit traced above also energizes the printing relay 203 which attracts its armature completing a circuit from battery 201, armature and bach contact et the selector relay 202, spacing magnet 209, printing magnet 210, stop magnet 211, armature and front contact oi printing relay 203, resistance 212, to ground, thereby energizing the spacing,.printing andv stop magnets for a purpose to be hereinafter described.

rl`he energization of the restoring relay 171, due to the closure ot the series circuit 170 to ground, which circuit acts as a shunt ogthet part-ot the series circuit traced con taining the restoring relay, the middle winding of the shift relay t3, the lower windings ofthe type magnets 23, 13, 53 and 33, the conductor 100, switching lever 110, conductor 120, armature and front contact of the positively polarized relay 107, conductor 121, .armature und back contact ot the neutral relay 101. The energi'zation of restoring relay 171 caused it to attract its armature thus energizing auxiliary restoring reluy 147 from battery 111, and breaking circuit through resistance' 148. lll/"hen the shunt circuit for the restoring relay 171, above traced, is established the energizing current which was derving therethrough will be diverted to ground through the resistance 170 to such an extent that said rectorn ing relay will be denergized, thereby opening the circuit heretofore traced through the group relay 135 and the switching relay 110, so that such group relay 135 and the switching relay 110 will be restored to normal The typefniagnet 23, which was energized by the series circuit above traced, will not be atlected by the denergization of the restoring relay 171 and the group relay 135, but will be maintained energized since its upper Winding is in series with the winding oi? the circuit-holding relay 15d and the printing relay 203 until the printing opera'- tion has taken place. Ylhis circuit will be maintained independent oil the energized or denergized condition of the positively polarized relay 107, which closed the original energizing circuit of the ty c magnet 23.. and this `relay 107, may, a ter its brief period of cnergization, return to its normal condition, without adecting the printing op eration which follows. i

lt Will be evident from an inspection ot the drawings that immediately upon the energization of the circuit-holding relay 154i, the apparatus is in condition to receive the first impulse of the combination .oi impulses for the next character selected at the sending station-fin the case assumed, the letter 0mand this impulse may be received and the proper group relay energized while the printingr operation for the character '1 is still uncompleted, Without in any way affecting such operation. The first impulse for the `nent character- O -is positive battery impressed u pon both line conductors L1 and l? simultaneously. ln response to this impulse, relays 103, 101, 105, 107 and 108 will be energized, and the circuit for the group relay responsive to this impulse may be traced from the battery 139, group relay 133, coiuluctor 127, Switching level' 111, conductor 123, armature of relay 105, conductor 124, armature of relay. 104, to

ground. The energization of this group relay 133 will, ,in a manner analogous to that described for the group relay 135, close by the attraction of its armatures, a locking circuit for itself to maintain it'energized after the cessation of the controlling impulse, and prepare a circuit through its upper armature for the circuit-holding relay 152. It will be apparent, however, that the energization of the group relay 133 and the attraction of its armatures can in no way affect the circuit already established and maintained by the circuit-holding relay 154. The cycle of operations of successive printing operations may overlap therefore, to the extent that the lirst impulse of the combination of impulses o1' a succeeding character may be transmitted `[ofthe receiving station before the termination of the printing operation produced by the combination of impulses of thel preceding character.

The printing. operations which are initiated and follow immediately after the closure of the energizing circuits for the circuit-holding relay 154, the type magnet 23, the spacing magnet 209, the printing magnet 210 and the stop magnet 211are produced in the following manner -Immediate-ly upon the energization of the type magnet 23 it attracts its armature 213, drawing up the inner end thereof, which projects toward the center of the circle of type magnets, so that it comes into the path of the re- -volving arm 215 attached to the type shaft 216. At the same time the stop magnet 211 attracts its armature 217, withdrawing the stop arm 218v from engagement with the teeth of the wheel 220, also attached to the type shaft 216. vThe type shaft 216 has fixed thereon the type wheel 221, upon which are two rows of type, the upper row thereon being the type by which the printing is ordinarily effected and the lower row'being thel type from which printing is effected when the type Wheel is in its shifted position. The type shaft 216 rotates in a counter-clockwise direction, when viewed from above. This shaft is rotated in the directirn specified by the motor 222, connected to anv suitable source ot power.

'- The characters on the type wheel 221', fastened to theshaft 216, are so arranged upon such type wheel that when the arm 215 comes inl contact with the raised end of the armature of any energized type magnet, the type wheel will at that time be in position to Y print one of the two characters with which thereof will rest in the-path ofthe arm 215,

when such arm 215 comes in Contact with the armature'213, they stop the rotary movement of the type shaft and the type wheel is brought to rest in position to prmt the character '1. As soon as the arm 215 is brought to rest by the armature 213 of the j printing magnet, a circuit is established from ground, armature 213, arm 215, selector relay 202, battery 201. The closure of this circuit causes-the energizationof the selector relay thereby opening the circuits for and denergizing the stop magnet, printing magnet, spacing magnet, type magnet 23 and the circuit-holding relay 154. The

- printing magnet is immediately detinergized and by the back stroke of its armature causes the printing of the character T upon the paper.

rlhe printing operation initiated and controlled by the first combination of impulses sent from the transmitting station and the circuits controlled from such station are now open unless the lcontrolling impulses for a subsequent character have been initiated. The denergization of the circuit-holding relay 1.5i allows its armature to retract, opening its locking circuit and'preventing anyreclosure of the circuit for the type magnet except in response to proper impulses received over the line conductors L1 L2 from the transmitting station. The further operations of the printing mechanism` which relate specifically to the operations of the stop magnet and the retractor magnet are purely automatic and will now be described.y

Immediately upon the energization of the selector relay 202 the printing operation` took place. The selector relay, however, closed at its front contact a circuit for the retractor magnet 223. By reference to Fig. 2 it Will be seen that in the normal position of the apparatus with both the stop magnet 211 and the retractor magnet 223 ,tractor magnet is energized. The denergizatien of the stop magnetlis without immediate effect. The energization of the retractor magnet, however, by the engagement of the projection 225 on its armature 224 with one of the teeth of the wheel 220 upon the type shaft causes a slight counter movement, this movement being in a clockwise di'- rection of the type shaft. such movement being suficient to remove the arm 215 from engagement with the armature 213 but not lie incassa energization of the retractor magnet the circuit for the selector magnet 202 is opened allowing its armature to retract, causing the denergization ci the-retractor magnet. The

retractor magnet thereupon permits its armature to withdraw the projection 225 l vit locked up.

*from engagement with the tooth on the wheel 220, and the type shaft rotates in its normal direction for not quite the length of one tooth on the wheel 220 or by the engagement oi the projection 218 on the armature the stop surface of thenext tooth on said wheel. lln this movement the type shaft has moved a distance such that if the succeeding character should chance to be the same as the one just printed, the type .shait will make almost a complete revolution before vbeing stopped by the armature olf the energized type magnet; that is, the type shaft will rotate before being stop ed by the projection on the armature ci t e stop magnet sufficiently far for the arm 215 to pass beyond the type magnet armature 213A by which it has `inst .previously been stopped.. This operation is for the purpo-se of insuring the proper inlring oli the type wheel when print-- ing successively the same character. li now, no subsequent printing operation has been Dinitiated, the entire apparatus with the exception ci the paper carriage and the type wheel proper returns to normalb @bvious y the paper carriage is not restored to normal `but moves step by step to print the successive characters, in the proper order; that is, in succession across the record medium or paper. The type wheel also remains in the position in which it has been lett, ready for the nent succeeding' operation when it will move to the desired position and again rest, and so onu will be recalled that in the description ot the operation ci the system the tirst controlling impulse oli the letter il i followed the last controlling impulse ci the letter T before the printing operation tor the letter 'll had been completed, and without in any way aecting such printing operation. his impulse was positive battery impressed simultaneously on the line conductors La and L2, and in response thereto the group relay 133 was energized and As in the case ot the letter l '1" a certain period ci time elapses between the cessation ot the lirst impulse of the combination oi impulses and the initiation oi the second impulse of such combination, during which eriocl the armatures ot the energized receiving relays return to normal until stopped 217 of the stop magnet withv breaking the shunt arodthe switching relay 11o, which is thus energiaecl 'moving the switching levers 110 to 115 inclusive trom their normal to their alternate contacts. The second controlling impulse for the letter 6 til is-e-in the case assumed--negative battery impressed upon the line conductor L1, and in response thereto, receiving rela s 101, 102 and 10el are energized, establis ing circuits similar to the circuits hereinbefore described; the one through the type maet being through battery 201, armature and Contact ot the selector -relay 202, printing relay 203, conductor 20e, conductor 207, in series through (the upper winding of type magnets 5a, 56, 52, 51, 55 and 53, t rough conductor 158, circuit-holding relay 152, contact and upper armature oi group relay 133, conductor 150, restoring relay 171, conductor 200, middle-winding ci reset relay t2, the lower winding of type magnets 22, 12, 52, 32 in series, conductor 163, switching lever 113, conductor 119, armature and Contact of negatively polarized relay 102, conductor 118', armature and back contact of neutral relay 108, to ground; the circuit through the spacing, printing and stop magnets being identically as before. The circuit through the circuit-holding relay 152 closes a locking circuit tor auch relay through its contact and armature, resistance 170 to ground, as in the ease ot the circuitholding relay 154. From this point on the operation ot' the system and apparatus is precisely analogous to the operation hereinbefore described with reference to the printing of the letter 'll. ln this case, however, the type magnet 52 `is the one ener-` gized and which will be maintained energized by the circuit-holding relay 152 and therefore in the'succeeoling printing operation it will be the character (l l that is rinted.

The printing ci the other characters under the control oi the type magnets can be controlled in the manner described.. ln each case the tiret impulse will select and lock up a group relay, thereby selecting a vertical group ci type magnets, and the second impulse will select an intersecting horizontal group oli typev magnets and initiate the printing operation.,

When it is desired to print a character upon the lower row o'l ty e oi'v the ty e wheel 221', it is necessary be ore sending t e character selecting combination oi impulses to send such a combination ot impulses as will operate the shift magnet 226, which will attract its armature 227 sliding vthe type wheel 221 upwardly through the medium ci the roller 228 carried at the 'outer end oi the armature 227 bringing the lower row ci characters into operative position. Let it be assumed that a combination ot imira line conductor L2 followed by a ositive impulse over line conductor L2,.t e twe impulses being separated by the usual interval of no current., will initiate the operation 5 of the shifting magnet 226. vThe selectlon and energization of the shift relay 43 is effected in a manner precisely analogous to the selection and energization 0f a type magnet as hereinbefore described.. In this case, however, the energizing c lrcult 1s somewhat different from t e energizing circuit hereinbefore traced for a type magnet in that it does not include a circuit-holding relay, 'nor is a circuit closed through the spacing, printing and stop magnets. The

circuit established as a result of the combination of impulses arriving at the receiving station may be tracedfrom battery 2 29, top winding of back shift relay 44, resistance 230, through the top windings of reset relay 42, reset and paper shift relay 41, shift relay 43, in series, conductor 155, front contact and toparmature of group relay 136, conductor 150, restoring relay .1 71, conductor 200, middle winding of shrftrelay 43, in series, through the bottom wlnding of type magnets 23, 13, 53 and 33, conductor 160, switching lever (110, conductor 120, front contact and armature of positively polarized relay 107, conductor 121, back con# tact and armature of neutral relay 104, to ground. This circuit will remain closed only so long as the second controlling impulse from the sending station continues. Closure of this circuit energizes the shift relay 43 which attracts its armature and completes a locking circuit for itself, whlch may v be traced fromf battery 231,- shift magnet 226, conductor 232, lower wlnding and armature of shift relay 43, conductor 233, contact and armature yof back shift relay 44, conductor 234, armature and contact of s ecial relay 235, to ound. Closure of this circuit energizes shift magnet 226 which 45 attracts its armature forcing roller 228 on the outer end thereof against type wheel 221 and lifting it upward so that when suecee'ding printlng operations take place the alternate characters on the lower portion of the type wheel will be the ones used. This circuit through the shift magnet 226 will be maintained until the back shift relay 44 is energized, thus breaking the locking circuit for theshift relay or'until the record carriage 270 is reset, as will hereinafter be described. p

After the selection and energization of the shift relay 43 all of the controlling circuits are without delay returned to their normal condition since there is, in this case, no means for maintainin the series circuit after the termination o the second controlling impulse. As soon as this circuit is opened the restoring relay 171 will open the clrcuit for the switching relay 116 and the l group relay 136 and the apparatus is ready, for another controlling operation.

i The selecting operation ofthe back shift relay 44 will be readily understood from the operations already described. When this rei lay has been selected in the manner described for the type magnets and shift rela it opens the circuit at its armature and ront contact, through the shift magnet and the bottom winding of the shift relay. Denergization of the shift magnet allows its armature to retract and type wheel 221l returns to its lower or normal position so that until the shift relay is again ener ized only the upper row of type will be used. The forward movement of the record carriage 270 is controlled by the spacing magnet 209. lt will be recalled that simultaneously with the energization ofa selected type magnet a circuit was established through the spacing, printing and stop magnets. The spaclng magnet on its energization attracts its armature 237 rotating the shaft 238 through the space of one tooth of the pinion 239 b means ofthe pawl 240. A pinion 241 on the end of shaft 238 meshes with a rack` 242 on the carriage 270 so thaton the rotation of the shaft 23'8, as above described, the carriage will be stepped forward through thespace of one letter. When the spacing, printing and stop magnets are deenergized the printing operation is completed by the armature of the printing-magnet which operates'on its back'stroke to print the character selected by the type magnet.

When it is desired to leave a space between successive words, a special single impulse is sent from the transmitting station. This special impulse is a negative impulse overmain line conductors L1 and L2 si- 105 multaneously. vThe arrival of this impulse at the receiving station causes the energization of polarized relays 101, 102, 106 L and of the neutral relays104 and 108 which attract their armatures establishing a cir- 110 cuit which may be traced from battery 143, group relay 137, conductor 130, switching lever 114, conductor 125, front contact and armature of negatively polarized relay 101, conductor 126, front contact and armature of neutral relay 108, to ground. The relay 137 is energized attracting its armatures and establishing a circuit which may be traced from battery 201, back-contact and armature of selector relay 202, spacing magnet 209, resistance 243, front contact and top armature of group relay 137, conductor 234, armature and back contact of special relay 235, to ground.- The spacing magnet will therefore be ener'ized to move the carria e 125 a space to the le so that when during the printing operation of .thesubsequent character the spacing magnet is again operated, a

clear space will be left between the two characters printed. This special single impulse 1,30v

morgane not only acts to control the spacing magnet but also acts as a readjustmg impulse in. certain cases of derangement ot the apparatus. lt may happen that in transmitting impulses to print a word the tirst impulse of one letterv thereof becomes lost.' ln this case the second impulse ot a letter acts as the selecting impulse, the first impulse ot the succeeding letter 4acting as the controlling impulse to initiate the printing operation. Such a condition will obviously result in the selection of letters bearing no resemblance to the ones selected. When the end'of the word is reached the spacing impulse is sent over the line to operate ing at the same time as a clearmg out impulse so that the combination of impulses for the first letter of the next succeeding word will operate in their proper order to select the appropriate type magnet.

When the end of a printed line has been reached upon the paper, or when tor any reason it is desired to start a fresh line thereon, a combination of impulses to operate the paper lift and'reset relay 4l is sent over the line from the transmitting station. The appropriate combination of impulses will select the relay 41 in precisely the same manner as hereinbefore described forl the shift and back shift magnets. rlhis relay will therefore be energized and will close, iirst, a circuit from battery 244, throughthe contact plate 245 and the contact 246, which are in contact when the carriage is not in its initial position, through the conductor 248, reset magnet 236, conductor 264, special relay 235, armature and contact ot reset relay 42, conductor 249, armature and 'front contact of the relay 41 to ground; second, a locking circuit or the relay '4l from battery 250, through contacts 251 and 252, conductor 253, lower winding, front contact and armature oit-relay 41 to ground. rlhe tirst ot'the above circuits energizes the reset magnet and the special relay. The reset magnet attracts its armature 254, Aremoving the pawl 255 attached thereto from engagement with the pinion 256, fastened to the shaft 238, and the carriage is returned to its initial position by power transmitted to the shaft 238 from the spring 257. At the same time it will be observed that the special relay 235 being energized has drawn its armature away from its back contact making it impossible for the spacing magnet to be energized by current from battery 201 and thereby interfere with the proper return of the carriage to its initial position with accnsequ'ent derangement of the printed record or ci the mechanism itself. When the carriage 270 has reached Aits initial position the Contact 245 will be moved out of engagement with the contact 246 and into engagement with contact 247. When this occurs the reset magnet and the special relay will be denergized but a cirthe spacing magnet, aot' the paper litt magnet 258, conductor 259, the front contact and armature oit the relay 4l to ground. rllhe paper litt magnet being energized v will attract its armature 260 and through the medium of arms 261 and 262 raise the paper the proper distance tor a new line of printed characters. At the same time the projection 263 on the armature 260 will move contact 252 away trom contact 251., thus opening the locking circuit for the relay 4i allowing its armature to return to normal position and also opening the energizing circuit o the paper lift magnet. 'llhe entire apparatus is now in normal condition withthe carriage in its initial position and the recording proper distance for printing a new line.,

'li it is desired to reset the carriage without lifting the paper, it may be accomplished by :first energizing the reset relay 42 in a manner now well understood. Energization of relay 42 causes it to attract .its armature establishing a circuit which may be traced from battery 244 through contacts 245 and 246, conductor 248, reset magnet 233, conductor 264, special relay 235, armature, front Contact and lower windin of relay 42, to ground. The magnet 236 1s therefore energized attracting its armature 254, thus removing pawl 255 from engagement with the inion 256, and the carriage is returned to its initial position by the spring 257.. When the carriage reaches its initial position it breaks, at contacts 245 and 246, the energizing circuit above traced, allowing all parts of the apparatus to return to normal condition.

lt will be observed that the circuit :tor the shiitt magnet 226 not only passes through the front contact and armature of thershift relay 43 and the back contact and armature ot the back shift relay 44, but also through the armature and back contact ot the special relay 235. rllhis arrangement is for the purpose of causing a denergization of the shift magnet 226 and incidentally ot the shift relay 43 each time a new line is begun. The object of this is that the shift magnet having been energized it might be maintained thus either through inadvertance or through some sticking of the shift relay orthe back shitt relay, and therefore this means of deener izing the shift magnet at the end oi each ine is provided in order that the shift magnet may be denergized and the type wheel 221 restored to its lnormal position automatically and without the knowledge ot the operator at the beginning of each newline. ln this way it is assured that each line will begin correctly, even though the printed record ot a part of the line preceding was conused'and inaccurate tor some reason.

While ll have shown on the drawings a plurality of batteries or sources ot current, it

medium or paper elevated the cuit will be closed rombattery 244, through i tra will be understood that where such batteries or sources of current are of the same character or potential and located at the same y place, they may be and preferably are one a plurality of fixed windings, and means for causing the operation of any device by energizing two windings thereof.

2. ln a. selecting mechanism the combinaf tion of a plurality of selecting branches, a

plurality of selectable magnetically operated devices therein, each device having a plurality of fixed cumulative windings, andA means for causing thev operation of any device. i

3..A plurality of magnetically operated devices each having a plurality ot'v fixed actuating windings, means for connecting corresponding windings in series in groups, and means for causing the energization oi a plurality of groups of windings whereby an electromagnetically operated device is actuated. i

4. In a selecting mechanism the combination of a plurality of marginalselective magnetically operated devices, each having a plurality of cumulative windings` said windings being arranged in groups, and means for completing a circuit through a plurality of groups of windings in series to energize a plurality of windings of one device to cause 4the operation thereof.

5. Ina printing telegraph the combination with a movable character carrier, of a selecting circuit composed of a series of branches including a charaeter-deterinining branch and a printing magnet branch, a-

character selecting magnet having two windings in series in said character-determining branch, a printing controller magnet in said printing magnet branch, means for closing one branch through the. windings of a character selecting magnet to position the character carrier, and means for operating the printing magnet branch.

6. In a telegraph receiver, a plurality of magnets from which one' is to be selected, each magnet selected by a combination of but two iiripiilses, a receiving mechanism responsive to limpulses from a line, a selector for determining the magnet to be selected, and operated by the first impulse received by the receiving mechanism, switching members controlled by the selector, a circuit for said determined magnet closed through' a switching member and said selector by the second impulse received by the receiving mechanism.

7, In a printing telegraph receiver, an operating circuit, a plurality ot marginal menace y i magnets each having two cumulative windings, said windings of-each magnet being contained in different series sections of said circuit, a plurality of corresponding windings of a group of such magnets being in series in each' said section, means for selectingvcne of said sections, means for subsequently selecting and closing another ot said sections and thereby causing the sclcesired type magnet, and a series of contacts I one of which may be selectively closed to close a section through another winding oi' said desired type magnet and complete said operating circuit.

i). ln a telegraphreceiver apiiaratus,l an operating circuit having a selecting branch divided into two sections, and a printing branch, a' plurality7 of type magnets cach having a plurality oincumulative windings and a marginal magnetic structure, each oi the windings of cach magnet being in a different section of the selecting branch, a series of group magnets selectively operated to close a section of said selecting branch of said circuit through one o the windings of a desired type magnet, and a series ol contacts one of whichinay be selectively operatedto close a section through anothei` winding of said desired type magnet and complete said operating circuit, a character selected by said operating circuit, and a printing magnet in the printing branch operating to print the selected character.

10. An vimpulse receiving apparatus re sponsive to impulses received from a distant station, an operating circuit established by the receiving apparatus and having a plu'- rality ot' branclws, a plurality of type magnets having two windings, each being in a separate branch of the operating circuit, cach being selectively energized by a conibination of impulses received by the receiving apparatus, a series of group relays selectively operated by the first impulse of a combination of impulses and closing one of the branches of the operating circuit through one of the windings of the selected type magnet, a. locking circuit for the selected group relay including a switching relayvoperating after the cessation of the ,first impulse of a combination of impulses, a switching lever operated thereby to close a second branch through the second winding tion with a movable character carrier,

havinga plurality of windings,

monaca of the selected type magnet on the initiation of the last impulse of the combination of impulses, a printing magnet in another branch of said operating circuit operating to print the selected character, a circuitholding magnet in the first said branch of the operating circuit acting to hold the selected type magnet energized through one winding thereof after the cessation of the last impulse of the combination of impulses, whereby the 'iirst impulse of a succeeding combination of impulses may selectively operate one of a series ol group relays before the printing operation has taken place'.

11. ln a telegraph receiver apparatus, an operating circuit having a selectingbranch divided into two sections, and a printing branch including a stop magnet and a printing magnet, a plurality ol type magnets, cach having a plurality of windings, each el the windings of each magnet being in a dilierent section of the selecting branch, a series of group relays selectively operated to close a section of said selecting branch ci :said circuit through one of the windings of a desired type magnet, a series of contacts, one of which may be selectively operated to close a branch through another winding of said desired type magnet and complete said operating circuit, a movable character carrier operated by said stop magnet and held in selected position by the desired type magnet, the printing magnet operating on its baclr stroke to print the character selected by the desired type magnet.

1Q. ln a telegraph receiver apparatus, an operating circuit having a selecting branch divided into two sections, and a printing' branch including a stop magnet and a printing magnet', a plurality of type magnets each each oil' the windings of cach magnet being in a diderent section of the selecting branch, a series of group relays selectively operated to close a section ol said selecting branch ol said circuit through one of the windings el a desired type magnet, a series ot contacts, one of which may be selectively operated to close a branch through another winding of said desired type magnet and complete said oper- I ating circuit, a circuit-holding magnet in a section of said selecting branch energized upon the completion ol said operating circuit and locked in said energized condition thereby, holding the desiredl type magnet energized through one .winding after'the deenergization of the group relay, a movable character .carrier operated by said stop magnet and held in selected position by the desired type magnet, the printing magnet operating on its back stroke to print the character selected by the desired type magnet.

13. ln a printing telegraph, the combiriao a selecting .circuit composed of a series of branches', including a character-positioning branch land a printing magnet branch; a printing controller magnet in' said printing magnet branch; a. main circuit; relays in said circuit responsive to succeeding pairs of impulses in said main circuit yto close said character-positioning branch and said printing magnetbranch respectively, a. relay controlled thereby, and means controlled by said second mentioned Lrelay whereby the operation el determining a succeeding character rmay overlap the operations controlled by said printing controller magnet.

la. lin a printing telegraph, the combination with a movable character carrier, of a selecting circuit composed of a series ol branches, including a character-positioning branch and a printing magnet branch; a printing controller magnet in said printing magnet branch; a main circuit composed ol two independent conductors, relays in said circuit responsive to succeeding pairs of impulses in said main circuit to close said character-positioning branch and said printing magnet branch, respectively, a second relay controlled by said main circuit relays, and means controlled thereby whereby the operation of determining asucceeding character may overlap the performance ot the operations under the control oi3 said printing controller magnet.

l5..v ln a. printing telegraph, the combination with a movable character carrier, of a selecting circuit composed oil a series of branches, including a character-positioning branch and a printing magnet branch; a. printing controller magnet in said printing magnet branch; a main circuit composed ot two independent conductors, polarized relays in said circuit responsive to succeeding pairs of impulses in said main circuit to close said character-positioning branch and said printing magnet branch, respectively', group relays controlled thereby, and means under the control of said group relays whereby the operation oil determining a succeeding character may overlap the performance cil the operations controlled by said printing controller magnet.

16. ln a printing telegraph the combination of a main circuit, relays in said circuit; a movable type carrier, a local selecting circuit controlled by said relays; said circuit having a character-determining branch, a two-coil magnet having both coils in said branch, a group relay, a local circuit including the coil of said relay, and contact points operated by a main line relay; and a transfer switch having contact points in the group relay circuit, and means whereby the cessation of the first impulse operates said transfer switch. p

17. ln a printing telegraph thejcombination of a' main circuit, relays insaid circuit at the receiving station, a movable e' ltlb relay, a local circuit including the coils of said relay and contact pointsoperated by a main line relay; a transfer vswitch having v contact points in the Agroup relay circuit,

and means whereby the termination of the vfirst impulse operates the transfer switch, closes break points in said character-determining branch and locks said circuit closer.

-18. In a printing telegraph the combination of a main circuit, relays in said circuit at the receiving station, a movable type carrier,'a local selecting circuit controlled. by said relays; said circuit having a character-determining branch, a two-coil magnet having both coils in said` branch, a groep relay, a local circuit including the coils of" said relay and contact points operated by a main line relay; an electromagnetically operated transfer switch` having Contact points in the group relay circuit, means whereby the termination of vthe irst impulse operates said transfer switch; a printing magnet, and means whereby the second impulse operates said printing magnet.

19. In a selector for a printing telegraph, the combination of a series of two-coil type magnets, a series of branch circuits, each branch including both coils of one of said magnets, a grouprelay, an'electromagnetic transfer switch, a local -circuit including the coil of said group relay and main line relay contact points, a branch. circuit including the coil of said transfer switch, and contact points controlled by said groupfrelay, and means whereby the impulse in said main lline relay at its cessation closes and locks said group relay and said transfer switch branch. y

20. In a selectorfor a printing telegraph, the combination of a series of two-coil type magnets, a series of branch circuits, each branch including both coils of`onc of said magnets, a group relay, an electromagnetic transfer switch, a main line relay, a local circuit including the coil of said group relay and main line relay contact points, a

branch circuit including the coil of .said transfer switch, and contact points controlled by said groupvrelay, means whereby the impulse in said main line relay at its cessation closes and locks said group relay succeeding impulse from theline, whereby yanother succeeding impulse over the line may again operate the group relay before the operation of the selected type magnet.

21. An impulse receiving apparatus responsive to electrical impulses, a series select-ing circuit established by the receiving apparatus, a plurality of type magnets hav ing two energizing windings, each winding being in a separate branch of said series circuit, said magnet being energized by a combination of impulses received by the r'e ceiving apparatus, a series of group magnets selectively operated bythe first` impulse of a group ofimpulses and closing one of the branches of the series circuit ythrough. one

of the windings of the selected type magnet,

a locking circuit for the selected group relay including a switching relay, said switching relay operating after the cessation of the rst impulse of the combination `of impulses, a switching lever operated thereby to close the second branch of the series circuit on the initiation of the second impulse of the combination of impulses, a circuit including a printing magnet operatiiul; after the cessation of the second\ impulse of the combination of impulses to print the character selected by the type magnet and means in the series selecting circuit whereby the rst succeeding impulse -of the combination of impulses may selectively operate the series of group magnets before the print-ing magnet has operated.

22. In a telegraphreceiver, thecombina-v tion with a movable character carrier, of a selecting circuit composed Vof character positioning branches and a printing magnet branch; a main circuit; means therein for closing said character positioning branches and said printing magnet branch; and means whereby the operation of determin- .ing a succeeding character overlaps the operation of printing the preceding character. In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 21st day of November A. D.,

v CHARLES E. SCRIBNER. Witnesses:

Irvine MACDONALD, F. P. McIN'rosH.

sal 

